Table 1 Summary of the binding and neutralizing activity of nAbs

mAb	Epitope Group	ELISA binding EC₅₀ values (ng ml^-1)				PPCs (%)	Kinetic constant (nM) determined by BLI			Pseudovirus neutralization IC₅₀ values (ng ml^-1)					Live virus neutralization IC₅₀ values (μg ml^-1)
mAb	Epitope Group	NiV_BD G	NiV_MY G	HeV G	NiV_BD G_HD	NiV_BD G	NiV_BD G	NiV_MY G	HeV G	NiV_BD	NiV_MY	HeV	NiV_MY- V507I	HeV-D582N	NiV_BD	NiV_MY	HeV
1A9	A	6.5	NM	NM	7.0	80.2	0.02	NM	NM	7.8	NM	NM	NM	NM	0.09	NM	NM
1F9	A	3.9	2.7	NM	10.9	71.0	0.01	<0.01	NM	32.4	68.9	NM	52.1	NM	0.26	0.1	NM
1B6	B	4.0	2.5	3.4	9.4	58.8	<0.02	<0.02	0.56	12.3	22.8	16.5	12.0	20.2	0.14	0.13	0.17
2E7	B	6.6	6.4	9.4	18.8	83.5	<0.10	0.24	<0.04	69.7	87.2	34.0	59.3	42.3	1.52	0.62	0.61
2A4	C	6.1	4.4	12.1	5.0	77.1	<0.02	<0.01	0.08	4.7	6.3	5.5	12.0	6.4	0.45	0.47	0.92
1D11	C	4.4	3.0	33.2	9.4	75.5	0.43	<0.01	3.66	2.3	5.7	NM	5.6	NM	<	0.02	29.0
1E5	C	6.6	4.5	2.8	8.6	83.8	0.05	<0.01	<0.01	1.7	5.1	5.7	4.3	7.4	0.03	0.03	0.19
2B8	C	2.1	2.8	NM	5.3	80.3	<0.01	0.05	NM	3.8	22.6	NM	16.6	NM	0.02	0.07	NM
m102.4	C	8.7	6.7	5.8	6.1	80.2	ND	ND	ND	2.1	15.0	14.3	79.3	636.1	ND	ND	ND

ELISA binding and neutralization experiments were performed at least twice, and similar results were obtained. The half-maximal effective concentration (EC₅₀) or half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) was calculated using GraphPad Prism 8.0. PPCs, the proportion of phycoerythrin-positive cells according to flow cytometry, as determined in Supplementary Fig. 3b. NM, not measurable. ND, not done. The “<” in affinity measurements indicates that the koff value was calculated as 1 ×10⁻⁶ due to the low dissociation rate. The “<” in the neutralization assays indicates that an IC₅₀ above the lowest concentration of 0.003 μg/mL was not achieved for NiV_BD.

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