Fig. 3: Mechanism of the light-driven Cu2-xSe NPs assembly by the S. oneidensis-Se0 hybrid.

A Schematic diagram shows the synthesis of Cu2-xSe by lysed hybrids that were co-incubated with different strains and Cu(II) with/without illumination. B The precipitated copper concentration and (C) temperature rise (ΔT) of the lysed hybrids that were co-incubated with Cu(II) or Cu(I) for 5 h with/without illumination. D The precipitated copper concentration and (E) (ΔT) of the lysed hybrids that were co-incubated with different strains and Cu(II) for 5 h under dark conditions. F The precipitated copper concentration and (G) (ΔT) of the lysed hybrids that were co-incubated with different strains and Cu(II) for 5 h under light illumination. The above experiments were performed in the mineral salt medium with 20 mM sodium lactate. The data points represented in (B–G) represent six (n = 6) independent experiments for each experimental group and are displayed as mean ± standard deviation (SD). p values of (B–G) were determined by a one-way analysis of variance. “****” represents p < 0.0001. Source data and frequency inference statistics (the value of degrees of freedom, p, effect size statistic, 95% confidence intervals) are provided as a Source Data file.