Fig. 3: Robust stimulation of the dCA1 in anesthetized mice.
From: An implantable piezoelectric ultrasound stimulator (ImPULS) for deep brain activation
a Experimental design and schematic diagram of surgical procedure. Schematic created with BioRender.com, released under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International license. b Representative images of the hippocampus across experimental conditions: No-stim (top), and 500 kHz, 500 kHz, continuous wave for 60 s (middle), and 10% duty factor for 60 s (bottom). Yellow dashed boxed area approximates the dorsal CA1 (dCA1) area used for cell counts. Scale bar, 450 µm. Color-coded dashed box indicates the area shown in the magnified section. Scale bar, 100 µm. c cFos+ cells in dCA1 normalized by area across experimental conditions (One-way ANOVA; N = 4 mice control implant no-stim; N = 3 mice for 500 kHz condition; N = 3 mice for 500 kHz, 10% duty factor; No-stim vs. 500 kHz: p = 0.0506; No-stim vs. 500 kHz, 10% duty factor: p = 0.0184).
