Table 2 Comparisons among different operation schemes considering different malicious behaviors on 9 Nov 2023

From: Break down the decentralization-security-privacy trilemma in management of distributed energy systems

 

Total Energy Cost(CNY)

Manipulators’ gains (CNY)

Decision Time 1

Privacy

 

Honest

a

b

c

a

b

c

  

Proposed

39226

/

/

39814 (+1.5%)

/

/

−146

~120s

Yes

Non-cooperative

42271 (+7.8%)

/

/

/

/

/

/

~1s (no communication, fast local decision)

Yes

Centralized29

39105 (−0.3%)

/

39379 (+0.4%)

39814 (+1.5%)

/

2221

−146

~15s

No

PA only26

39226 (+0.0%)

39226 (+0.0%)

/

42271 (+7.8%)

228

/

−146

~50s or infinity (non-convergence in case c)

Yes

Blockchain only16,17,18

39105 (−0.3%)

/

/

39814 (+1.5%)

/

/

−146

~40s

No

PA with blockchain for data aggregation31,32,33,34

39226 (+0.0%)

/

/

42271 (+7.8%)

228

/

−146

~65s or infinity (non-convergence in case c)

No

  1. 1 The time consumption is collected on a desktop computer with Intel i7-12700 CPU and 32GB memory by simulating the behavior of the participants and may vary on different platforms.