Fig. 5: The spatial distribution of anisotropy and centripetality.
From: Unravelling the spatial directionality of urban mobility
a Illustration of the spatial hierarchical structure in Beijing. Each colour corresponds to a space level, and trip generation of different levels is equal. Illustration of the spatial hierarchical structure in Beijing, where each colour denotes a distinct spatial level, with equal trip generation across levels. This equality is defined by the premise that the total outflow originating from the cells within each colour-coded area is identical. Vector basemap and map tiles were provided by CartoDB under a Creative Commons licence CC BY 4.0. b, c The b anisotropy and c centripetality of each spatial level for strong monocentric (n = 36), weak monocentric (n = 13) and polycentric cities (n = 11). Error bars correspond to standard errors and centre values correspond to the means. Symbols and lines refer to various city types. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
