Fig. 1: Metabolomic analysis revealed changes in sphingosine in NASH patients.

Metabolic analysis of serum samples collected from NASH patients (n = 16) and healthy control (n = 16). A Clustering heatmap of the metabolic pathway, colours represent the intensity of response. B Targeted metabonomic detection of sphingolipids, colours represent the intensity of response. C PLS-DA analysis of sphingolipids in serum of patients. D VIP score plot of the difference sphingolipids between the two groups. E, F Serum So(d18:1) concentration in healthy volunteers (n = 16 biologically independent samples) and NASH patients (n = 15 biologically independent samples) (E) and different stages of NASH patients classified by NAS scores, NAS-3 (n = 6 biologically independent samples), NAS-4 (n = 6 biologically independent samples), NAS-5 (n = 3 biologically independent samples) (F). G Serum concentration of So(d18:1) in different time points of NASH modelling mice (n = 6 biologically independent animals). H–J Correlative analysis of So(d18:1) concentration in serum with ALT (Alanine aminotransferase) (H), AST (Aspartate aminotransferase) (I) and Fibroscan index (J). Correlations between variables were assessed by linear regression analysis. Linear correction index R square and P-values were calculated. Data are the means ± s.e.m. Statistical analysis was performed using two-tailed Student’s t-tests (E), One-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s T3 post hoc test (F) and Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn’s test (G).