Fig. 3: Conditional loss of Ankrd11 in the neural crest causes delayed CNCC organization and failed OFT septation at E11.5-E12.5. Related to Supplemental Fig. 2. | Nature Communications

Fig. 3: Conditional loss of Ankrd11 in the neural crest causes delayed CNCC organization and failed OFT septation at E11.5-E12.5. Related to Supplemental Fig. 2.

From: The chromatin regulator Ankrd11 controls cardiac neural crest cell-mediated outflow tract remodeling and heart function

Fig. 3

a Schematic of OFT transverse sections undergoing different stages of remodeling along the proximal-distal axis from E11.5 to E12.5. In the proximal and medial OFT, CNCCs in green are condensed into tightly organized columns. In the distal region, streams of CNCCs from both OFT cushions migrated medially and fused to form the aorticopulmonary (AP) septum and two distinct vessels of the aorta (Ao) and pulmonary artery (PA). b–e Representative images of E11.5 Ankrd11nchet (b, c) and Ankrd11ncko (d, e) distal OFT transverse sections immunostained for CNCC and their derivatives (YFP; green) and F-actin (phalloidin; blue) and counterstained for nuclei (Hoechst; magenta). f–i’. Representative images of E11.5 Ankrd11nchet (f, g) and Ankrd11ncko (h, i) medial OFT sections. White dashed boxes are shown at higher magnification in f’–i’. * OFT cushion center. j–q Representative images of E12.5 Ankrd11nchet (j, k, n, o) and Ankrd11ncko (l, m, p, q) distal OFT sections. r–u’ Representative images of E12.5 Ankrd11nchet (r, s) and Ankrd11ncko (t, u) medial OFT sections. White dashed boxes are shown at higher magnification in r’–u’. v Schematic of Ankrd11nchet CNCC nuclei orientation within an OFT cushion at E11.5-E12.5. Nuclei oriented perpendicularly to the cushion center (pink cell) are closer to 90° while nuclei oriented in parallel (teal cell) are closer to 0°. Method adapted from ref. 36. Created with BioRender.com released under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International license. w, x Quantification of CNCC nuclear orientation to OFT cushion center at E11.5 and E12.5 in medial regions between Ankrd11nchet (orange) and Ankrd11ncko (green) genotypes. Two-tailed multiple t-tests with Holm-Sidak multiple comparisons test (w, 90-70 p = 0.000226, 29-0 p = 0.000148). ns: not significant; p > 0.05 ***p < 0.001. Graphs represent mean ± s.e.m; n = 3 Ankrd11nchet and n = 3 Ankrd11ncko samples from at least 2 independent litters. Scale bars: 100 µm. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

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