Fig. 2: Genome-wide phylogeographic assignments from SNPs obtained with a ddRAD sequencing approach demonstrate an Africa-Europe origin instead of a N. American one.
From: A trans-oceanic flight of over 4,200 km by painted lady butterflies
A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) using SNPs with less than 10% missing data per sample and pruned for LD (13 206 SNPs), the variances explained by the two first axes are 6.26% and 5.21%; B Co-ancestry matrix using fineRADstructure on a dataset of 7982 RAD loci. Both methods delimit two populations, one in North America and the other in Africa-Europe. Butterflies collected in French Guiana cluster with the Afro-European population. Source Data are provided as a Source Data file.
