Table 3 Effects of nicotinamide riboside alone and nicotinamide riboside with resveratrol on secondary outcomes of physical activity, the Walking Impairment Questionnaire and objectively measured walking performance in people with peripheral artery disease

From: Nicotinamide riboside for peripheral artery disease: the NICE randomized clinical trial

 

Nicotinamide riboside (NR)

Nicotinamide riboside (NR) + resveratrol (R)

Placebo

  
 

Baseline, mean (standard deviation)

Follow-up, mean (standard deviation)

Within group change, LSMeans (standard error)

Baseline, mean (standard deviation)

Follow-up, mean (standard deviation)

Within group change, LSMeans (standard error)

Baseline, mean (standard deviation)

Follow-up, mean (standard deviation)

Within group change, LSMeans (standard error)

NR vs. placebo, LSMeans (90% CI)

NR + R vs. placebo, LSMeans (90% CI)

WIQ distance score (0–100, 100-best)

45.1

(28.2)

N = 28

42.9

(29.2)

N = 28

−1.2

(4.4)

40.8

(31.7)

N = 33

41.6 (30.8)

N = 33

+0.82

(4.0)

42.2

(24.4)

N = 28

48.6 (34.8)

N = 28

+5.9

(4.3)

−7.1

(−15.2, +∞)

P = 0.87

−5.1

(−12.6, +∞)

P = 0.80

Physical activity – total activity counts per day

104,869 (61,260)

N = 25

102,789 (58,695)

N = 25

4,094

(7,109)

85,895 (33,530)

N = 28

79,588 (40,235)

N = 28

−7,743

(6,478)

86,396 (57,208)

N = 25

83,567 (53,856)

N = 25

−6,901

(6,889)

10,995

(−2,078, +∞)

P = 0.14

−842

(−13,125, +∞)

P = 0.54

Physical activity –counts per min

486.98 (166.55)

N = 25

463.94 (140.56)

N = 25

−8.81

(17.43)

458.38 (139.66)

N = 28

448.73 (131.49)

N = 28

−9.58

(16.00)

437.44 (116.09)

N = 25

435.23 (124.84)

N = 25

−17.05

(17.04)

8.24

(−23.85, +∞)

P = 0.37

7.47

(−22.97, +∞)

P = 0.38

6-min. walk distance at 3-month follow-up (meters)

339.2

(103.1)

N = 28

330.9 (99.6)

N = 24

+4.8

(8.3)

336.6

(80.8)

N = 33

340.5 (82.4)

N = 26

+3.0

(7.7)

325.6 (112.5)

N = 29

324.0 (106.2)

N = 24

−17.6

(8.0)

+22.4 (7.3, +∞)

P = 0.029

+20.6

(6.3, +∞)

P = 0.034

Max treadmill walking time at 6-month follow-up (min)a

7.2

(3.9)

N = 10

8.7 (3.6)

N = 10

+0.9

(0.9)

10.9

(5.0)

N = 8

10.4 (4.2)

N = 8

+0.6

(1.1)

7.1

(3.4)

N = 8

6.1 (3.7)

N = 8

−1.2

(1.0)

+2.1 (0.24, +∞)

P = 0.08

+1.7

(−0.21, +∞)

P = 0.12

  1. For outcomes other than the 6-min walk test, analyses of covariance was used to compare differences between NR and placebo and between NR+ resveratrol and placebo, adjusting for age, sex, race, and the baseline value for each outcome. For the 6-min walk test, mixed models for repeated measures (MMRM) were used to compare change in 6-min walk distance between the NR + resveratrol and placebo groups and between the NR alone and placebo groups, adjusting for age, sex, race, and baseline 6-min walk. For the 6-min walk, one participant randomized to placebo had a very low baseline value but did not complete follow-up testing, contributing to the differences between the observed mean changes in 6-min walk distance from baseline to follow-up, compared to the least square mean estimate. The a priori statistical analysis plan defined a one-sided P value of <0.10 to define statistical significance.
  2. aCOVID-19 restrictions resulted in a lower sample size for the treadmill testing outcome.
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