Fig. 4: All of the designs have increased stability and many also provide increased resistance to multiple classes of β-lactam antibiotics relative to WT TEM-1.
From: Simultaneous enhancement of multiple functional properties using evolution-informed protein design
[A, Thermostability] Quantification of the change in thermostability (Tm) relative to WT TEM-1. Tm was determined using differential scanning fluorimetry (DSF). Gray bars: mean of three replicate experiments (red diamonds). Error bars: standard deviation. Except for the two designs that could not be purified (50.a and 50.b), all designs were more thermostable, with 9 of the 11 functional designs having >10 °C increase in melting temperature. [B, Resistance to multiple β-lactams] Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of several classes of β-lactam antibiotics was determined using CLSI broth microdilution. Gray bars: aggregated MIC call (Methods). Red diamonds: three individual replicate experiments. Upper left in each plot is the antibiotic with its class name. Many of the designs confer resistance to higher concentrations of antibiotics than WT TEM-1 (left-most column). Source data are provided in the Source Data file.
