Fig. 2: Abundances and types of coexistent ARG-MRGs in agricultural soil microbiomes.

a Abundance and relative proportion of ARG-MRG-carrying contigs (AMCCs) in NOF (n = 227) and OF (n = 284) soils (two-sided Wilcoxon test, ***p < 0.001). Each error bar corresponds to the SD and data were showed as mean + SD. Different colors represented different types of coexistence. b The proportions of AMCCs encoded by plasmids or chromosomes in NOF and OF soils. Abundance and relative proportion of AMCCs with mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in the NOF and OF soils (Different colors for different MGE types). c Coexistent types of ARGs, MRGs, MGEs, and virulence factor genes (VFGs) on contigs, along with proportions of AMCCs encoded by plasmids or chromosomes in the NOF soils. Blue, pink, and gray represented chromosomes, plasmids, and unclassified sequences, respectively. d Coexistent types of ARGs, MRGs, MGEs, and VFGs on contigs, along with proportions of AMCCs encoded by plasmids or chromosomes in the OF soils. In c, d different colors represented different ARG types, with those with a proportion less than 0.5% and unclassified types set to gray. Source data were provided as a Source Data file. AMCC ARG-MRG-carrying contig, MGE mobile genetic elements, VFG virulence factor gene, ICE integrative and conjugative element, IME integrative and mobilizable element, AICE actinomycete ICE, IS insertion sequence, MLS macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin.