Fig. 3: Structure characterizations of CoFeAl-LDH after electrocatalytic brine oxidation.

a XRD patterns, (b) EPR spectrum and (c) Al 2p and (d) Co 2p high-resolution XPS spectrum of CoFeAl-LDH before and after activation. Note that B.E. is an abbreviation for binding energy, and the units of intensity are arbitrary units (a.u.). e O 1s high-resolution XPS spectrum and (f) Raman spectrum of CoFe-LDH and CoFeAl-LDH after activation, ads. means adsorbed. g SEM images of CoFeAl-LDH before and after activation. h HAADF-STEM image of CoFeAl-LDH after activation and the corresponding EDS elemental mapping for Co, Fe and Al.