Fig. 4: Photophysical properties of TPE-DPY and the assemblies.

a, b The steady-state PL spectra and phosphorescence spectra of TPE-DPY ([TPE-DPY] = 1 × 10−5 M, λex = 315 nm), TPE-DPY/2CB[7] ([TPE-DPY] = 1 × 10−5 M, [CB[7]] = 2 × 10−5 M, λex = 318 nm), TPE-DPY/4CB[7] ([TPE-DPY] = 1 × 10−5 M, [CB[7]] = 4 × 10−5 M, λex = 320 nm), TPE-DPY/CB[8] ([TPE-DPY] = 1 × 10−5 M, [CB[8]] = 1 × 10−5 M, λex = 330 nm), TPE-DPY/CB[7]/CB[8] ([TPE-DPY] = 1 × 10−5 M, [CB[7]] = 2 × 10−5 M, [CB[8]] = 1 × 10−5 M, λex = 333 nm). c Time-resolved decay curves of TPE-DPY/2CB[7], TPE-DPY/4CB[7], TPE-DPY/CB[8] and TPE-DPY/CB[7]/CB[8] in aqueous solution.