Fig. 3: Electrocatalytic CO₂RR performance.

A The FEs for C₂₊ products, (B) C₂₊ products partial current density and (C) C₂₊/C₁ selectivity over La-Cu HS, La-Cu SS, and Cu HS under different current densities. D The products FE over La-Cu HS with different La/Cu ratio at −900 mA cm⁻². E The products FE over La-Cu HS in 0.05 M H₂SO₄ aqueous solution containing different KCl concentrations at −900 mA cm⁻². Values are means and error bars indicate s.d. (n = 3 replicates). F C₂₊ products FE, SPCE and total products SPCE of La-Cu HS under different CO₂ gas flow rate at −900 mA cm⁻². G Long-term stability of La-Cu HS at a constant current density of −900 mA cm⁻² (The electrode was washed, then dried and the electrolyte was refreshed at intervals 5 h).