Fig. 5: Exciton kinetics of CzAcSF:30% cluster based devices.

a Temperature dependence of EL spectra for the CLEDs at 20, 50, 100, 200 and 300 K. b Time-resolved electroluminescence emission spectra (TREES) of the CLEDs at room temperature and temperature dependence of corresponding time decays at peak wavelengths in the range of 20–300 K. TREES and time decay of CzAcSF based control device are included for comparison. c Sliced TREES contours of the CLEDs at the stages of recombination (0-20 µs) and decay beginning (20–40 µs), in comparison to the contour of CzAcSF based control device. d Comparison on different exciton allocation processes through carrier and energy transfer from CzAcSF for [DPPy]2Cu4I4 and [tBCzDppy]2Cu4I4 based devices.