Fig. 6: Specific DGC marking and imaging of CTGF in AD brain of 3-month-old APP/PS1 mice in vivo.
From: A probe for NIR-II imaging and multimodal analysis of early Alzheimer’s disease by targeting CTGF
a The in vivo NIR-II fluorescence images of wild-type (WT) mice (left) and 3-month-old APP/PS1 mice (right) after intravenous injection of DGC. And the ex vivo imaging of brains isolated from mice (cardiac perfusion with saline) after DGC injection (λ ex = 808 nm). The experiment was repeated in three independent pair of mice with similar results. b In situ fluorescence (red) imaging, LA-ICP-TOF-MS imaging, and DAB chromogenic (brown) imaging of CTGF in brain sections prepared from the ex vivo NIR-II analyzed brains. Inset pictures are enlarged areas of DAB chromogenic imaging. Scale bar = 50 μm. Each experiment was repeated independently for three times with similar results. c The brain sections prepared from the brains after ex vivo NIR-II imaging, sections were stained with FITC-labeled CTGF antibody (green fluorescence). Scale bar = 20 μm. The inset showed the colocalization of DGC (red fluorescence) and CTGF antibody (green fluorescence). Scale bar = 20 μm. The experiment was repeated independently in three pairs of mice with similar results. d Representative images of DGC (red fluorescence) location in cells of brain sections. GFAP marked reactive astrocytes, CD31 marked vascular endothelial cells, Neun marked neurons, and Iba 1 marked microglia cells (all green fluorescence). Scale bar = 20 μm. The inset showed the colocalization of DGC (red fluorescence) and CTGF (green fluorescence) expressed by reactive astrocytes and vascular endothelial cells rather than microglia cells and neurons. Each experiment was repeated independently three times with similar results.
