Fig. 2: Base editing profiles by different base editors in rice cells.

a Base editing activity window for A3A_Y130F-CBE, ABE8e, TadCBEa, TadCBEd, TadCBEd_V106W and TadDE across twenty different target sites in rice cells. The editing efficiencies of C-to-T and A-to-G base editing at 20 sites, ranging from positions 1–20, were fitted together to obtain the editing window as shown in the figure. Dots represent average editing across all sites containing the specified bases at the indicated position within the protospacer. Data are presented as mean values ± SEM. Individual data points used for this analysis are included in Supplementary Fig. 2 and 3. b Genotyping of protoplasts shows TadDE promotes simultaneous C-to-T and A-to-G base editing in rice cells. Sequences in red indicate base editing outcomes. The values in right represent ratio and reads of mutation alleles. See Supplementary Fig. 11 for results at 12 additional target sites. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.