Fig. 5: Rabbit immunization and induction of humoral immune responses.

(A Schedule of rabbit immunization. The figure was created from Biorender.com. Rabbits were inoculated intramuscularly with different vaccine formulations three times on day 0, 14 and 28 with doses described in Table S2. Blood was collected on day 0, 14, 28 and 42. Rabbits were euthanized on day 42. B–D IgG titers of sera collected on day 42 from rabbits immunized with different vaccine formulations. B Anti-gHgL IgG titers elicited by NP-gHgL, NP-cocktail, Free-cocktail and PBS (C) Anti-gB IgG titers elicited by NP-gB, NP-cocktail, Free-cocktail and PBS. D Anti-gp42 IgG titers elicited by NP-gp42, NP-cocktail, Free-cocktail and PBS. Neutralization of CNE2-EBV infection of Akata B cells (E) and Akata-EBV infection of HNE1 epithelial cells (F) by sera collected on day 42 from rabbits immunized with different vaccine formulations. Half maximal inhibitory dilution fold (ID₅₀) values were calculated by sigmoid trend fitting. Body weight (G) and temperature (H) were monitored after immunization of rabbits with the indicated vaccine formulations. Black arrows indicate times of immunization. B–H Data points are shown as the mean ± SEM (n = 5). B–F P values calculated using one-way ANOVA with Turkey’s multiple comparison are shown as precise values. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.