Fig. 4: Positive surface charge tuning and standardization for triboelectric materials.
From: Visualization and standardized quantification of surface charge density for triboelectric materials
a Tuning and standardization of positive surface charge on PTFE (Scale bar: 3 mm). b, c. The (b) output voltage, (c) transferred charge (Qsc) of posi-PTFE based TENG injected with different positive surface charge density (2 × 2 cm2, F = 50 N). d The positive charge injection capability of various materials (distinct samples, mean ± s.d., n = 5. The inset images demonstrate the surface charge density of Nylon and glass, scale bar: 3 mm, color bar: −4 nC cm−2 ~ 4 nC cm−2). e The triboelectric output voltage of various materials with injected positive charge (same sample measured repeatedly, mean ± s.d., n = 5). f The interfacial electrostatic positive charge transfer properties of various materials (same sample measured repeatedly, mean ± s.d., n = 5. The inset demonstrates the partially enlarged charge density of Nylon and glass). g The residual surface charge distribution of various materials (Scale bar: 3 mm).
