Fig. 6: Application of surface charge visualization and standardization for TENG.
From: Visualization and standardized quantification of surface charge density for triboelectric materials
a Surface depression identification of triboelectric material enabled by the surface charge standardized imaging method (Scale bar: 3 mm). b High-resolution of the standardized imaging method enables the identification of “TENG” letter composed of interface defects. The inset image demonstrates the charge density distribution with high contrast. c Posi-PTFE based single electrode TENG mounted on manipulator for contact perception and the relevant voltage response to various materials. (same sample measured repeatedly, mean ± s.d., n = 5.) The inset image demonstrates the response signal of the e-skin. d The output voltage of posi-PTFE/PTFE, neg-PTFE/PTFE based non-contact TENG at different gap distances. The inset images demonstrate the surface charge density of the non-contact TENG after the tests, color bar: −4 nC cm−2 ~ 4 nC cm−2 e The influence of approach-separation frequency on the output performance of non-contact TENG. (same sample measured repeatedly, mean ± s.d., n = 5.) f The voltage response of manipulator finger mounted with posi-PTFE based TENG at different distances towards the items. g Contactless response of manipulator’s finger towards different polyhedrons. h Contactless response of manipulator’s finger towards triangular prisms in different arrangements.
