Fig. 1: Concept and bio-inspired design of bilayered Ecoflex/EGaIn film (BLEE) enabling IR modulation.

a Schematics of the mechanism of altering the brightness of a chameleon’s skin through the expansion/shrink of melanophores in the superficial iridophores of chameleons. b Schematic illustration of BLEE film modulating the IR reflectance by applying mechanical action. c Schematic illustration of the fabrication process of BLEE film. d Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the front, back, and cross-section of BLEE film with Ecoflex/EGaIn mass ratio of 1:10. The pure Ecoflex layer was under the red dashed line and the Ecoflex/EGaIn layer was above the red dashed line. e Optical appearance of BLEE film with Ecoflex/EGaIn mass ratio of 1:10 before and after applying areal strain of 1500%, images from optical microscopy and X-ray microscope (XRM) of the morphology change of EGaIn droplets before and after stretching.