Fig. 3: Extended application of pyridyl-carbene copper catalysis.

a The substrate scope of amination of alkyl bromides. b Late-stage modification of complex molecules and the scale-up reaction. The reactions were run using N-nucleophiles (0.1 mmol) and alkyl bromides/iodides (0.15 mmol) under standard conditions unless otherwise noted. ^ausing DMF/CH₃CN = 9/1 as the solvent, ^busing PhCF₃/CH₃CN = 9/1 as the solvent, ^c18 h.