Fig. 8: Schematic model illustrating the functional interaction between BAP2 and IRE1 in cell fate determination during ER stress. | Nature Communications

Fig. 8: Schematic model illustrating the functional interaction between BAP2 and IRE1 in cell fate determination during ER stress.

From: Programmed cell death regulator BAP2 is required for IRE1-mediated unfolded protein response in Arabidopsis

Fig. 8

During the adaptive phase of the UPR, IRE1 activates pro-survival strategies to outweigh constitutive pro-death processes. In this model, BAP2 functions as a rheostat that monitors IRE1 function to prevent irreversible outcomes, while IRE1 controls BAP2 levels as a negative feedback loop for an optimization of UPR sufficiency. During this phase, IRE1 and BAP2 may induce NAC089 expression as a preventive process for NAC089 requirement to ignite PCD when the UPR becomes insufficient in unresolved ER stress. When the latter takes place, BAP2 acts as a pro-death effector, leading to H2O2 accumulation and PCD as an irreversible step that outweighs pro-life adaptations. Therefore, cell-fate determination under ER stress is the result of a tug-of-war between pro-life and pro-death processes. Continuous arrows indicate direct known effects and dotted arrows indicate indirect effects. Created with BioRender.com.

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