Fig. 4: Interfacial stripping/plating reaction kinetics and interfacial SEI of Zn anode with different electrolytes.
From: Reconstruction of zinc-metal battery solvation structures operating from −50 ~ +100 °C
a Cycling stability of the Zn||Zn symmetric cell (1 mAh cm−2, 1 mA cm−2). b XRD spectra of Zn anodes using different electrolytes after 100 cycles. c Rate performance tests of Zn||Zn symmetric cells with different electrolytes. d Binding energy of between F− with H2O, boric acid, and glycerol molecules based on the B3LYP/6-311 ++ g(d,p) level DFT calculations. e, ATR-FT-IR spectra at the Zn anodes surface using ZGBCP, ZCP, and AE electrolytes. f XPS spectra of Zn 2p of Zn anodes at different depths. g The profiles of the atomic percentage of Zn and F atoms versus etching time. h DRT spectra of the Zn||Zn symmetric cells tested at different temperatures from −40 to +50 °C. i Comparison of polarization voltages of Zn||Zn symmetric cells at different current densities of reported Zn(BF4)2-based electrolytes and this work4, 15, 16, 37, 39,40,41,42,43,44.
