Fig. 3: Genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified one significant locus associated with delayed neurodevelopment in Group 3.
From: Investigating grey matter volumetric trajectories through the lifespan at the individual level
a Correlation between Group3-reweighted GMV and neurocognition in ABCD (n = 11,101) indicated the validity of using the proxy phenotype for delayed neurodevelopment in the GWAS. One sample two-sided t test was used with FDR for multiple correction. The neurocognition measures and corresponding abbreviations are defined in the Methods and Supplementary Table 10 with exact p values. ***P < 0.001. b GWAS Manhattan plot for Group3-reweighted GMV in the ABCD population (n = 7662). Group3-reweighted GMV was calculated for each adolescent (details in Methods) and used as the proxy phenotype for delayed neurodevelopment. Multiple SNPs on chromosome 6 achieved genome-wide significant effects (two-sided t-test: P < 5 × 10−8), mapped to the intronic region of CENPW. Results from gene-based association analysis (Supplementary Fig. 11) confirmed the significant effect of CENPW on delayed neurodevelopment. Box plot in (c) showed that CENPW score of delayed neurodevelopment was higher in Group 3 (n = 60) compared to Group 1 and 2 (n = 1338) (two-sided t-test: P = 0.028). The upper and lower boundaries of each boxplot represented the first (Q1) and third (Q3) quantiles, respectively. Hence, the box body covered 50% of the central data, with the median marked by a central line. The top/bottom whiskers represented the maximum or minimum, respectively without outliers. d indicated that CENPW score of delayed neurodevelopment was negatively correlated with baseline (BL) neurocognitive performance, and became non-significant at the last follow-up (FU). Here, Worse indicated higher CGT Delay aversion score, lower CGT risk adjustment score, longer CGT Deliberation time and SST GoRT. One-sided P values were reported (one sample t test) and BH-FDR method was used for multiple correction within scales. CGT Delay aversion, BL (r = 0.09, *Padj = 0.027), FU3 (r = −0.07, Padj = 0.239); CGT Deliberation time, BL (r = 0.08, *Padj = 0.027), FU3 (r = 0.02, Padj = 0.983); CGT risk adjustment, BL (r = −0.08, *Padj = 0.027), FU3 (r = 0.02, Padj = 0.983); SST GoRT, BL (r = −0.06, *Padj = 0.038), FU3 (r = −0.02, Padj = 0.472). CGT, Cambridge Gambling Task; SST GoRT, reaction time for ‘Go’ trials in Stop Signal Task. c, d confirmed the relationship between CENPW and delayed neurodevelopment identified in (b). Relevant source data were provided in the Source Data file.
