Table 1 Characteristics of children under 5 years of age and their mothers based on the analyzed sample
Characteristics | Entire cohort | All-cause child mortality | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Neonatal (<1 month of age) | Infant (<12 months of age) | Under 5 (<60 months of age) | ||
Children, n | 1,499,727 | 45,450 | 80,048 | 103,557 |
Total follow-up in month, n | 39,987,500 | 0 | 172,750 | 661,046 |
Maternal covariates | ||||
Mother age at childbirth in years, mean (SD) | 26.5 (6.4) | 26.2 (7.0) | 26.3 (6.9) | 26.4 (6.9) |
Mother age group in years, n (%) | ||||
[15, 19] | 229,054 (15.3) | 9532 (21.0) | 16,145 (20.2) | 20,352 (19.7) |
[20, 24] | 475,918 (31.7) | 13,649 (30.0) | 23,644 (29.5) | 30,479 (29.4) |
[25, 29] | 386,840 (25.8) | 9672 (21.3) | 17,810 (22.2) | 23,382 (22.6) |
[30, 34] | 232,555 (15.5) | 6548 (14.4) | 11,791 (14.7) | 15,466 (14.9) |
≥35 | 175,360 (11.7) | 6049 (13.3) | 10,658 (13.3) | 13,878 (13.4) |
Urbanicity, n (%) | ||||
Urban | 446,986 (29.8) | 11,623 (25.6) | 19,501 (24.4) | 24,367 (23.5) |
Rural | 1,052,741 (70.2) | 33,827 (74.4) | 60,547 (75.6) | 79,190 (76.5) |
Marital status, n (%) | ||||
In marriage | 1,389,805 (92.7) | 42,066 (92.6) | 73,192 (91.4) | 94,507 (91.3) |
Others | 109,922 (7.3) | 3384 (7.4) | 6856 (8.6) | 9050 (8.7) |
Education, n (%) | ||||
No education | 615,339 (41.0) | 21,565 (47.4) | 39,347 (49.2) | 53,113 (51.3) |
Primary | 416,398 (27.8) | 12,764 (28.1) | 23,852 (29.8) | 30,977 (29.9) |
Secondary or higher | 467,990 (31.2) | 11,121 (24.5) | 16,849 (21.0) | 19,467 (18.8) |
Wealth quantile of household, n (%) | ||||
Poorest or poorer—bottom 40% | 681,749 (45.5) | 22,659 (49.9) | 40,589 (50.7) | 53,301 (51.5) |
Middle or richer—middle 40% | 575,645 (38.4) | 17,038 (37.5) | 29,791 (37.2) | 38,277 (37.0) |
Richest—top 20% | 242,333 (16.2) | 5753 (12.7) | 9668 (12.1) | 11,979 (11.6) |
Household access to safe water, n (%) | ||||
Yes | 564,197 (37.6) | 14,045 (30.9) | 23,517 (29.4) | 28,889 (27.9) |
No | 935,530 (62.4) | 31,405 (69.1) | 56,531 (70.6) | 74,668 (72.1) |
Household access to toilet facilities, n (%) | ||||
Yes | 490,686 (32.7) | 17,455 (38.4) | 30,648 (38.3) | 39,819 (38.5) |
No | 1,009,041 (67.3) | 27,995 (61.6) | 49,400 (61.7) | 63,738 (61.5) |
Child covariates | ||||
Sex, n (%) | ||||
Male | 765,172 (51.0) | 26,045 (57.3) | 43,814 (54.7) | 55,629 (53.7) |
Female | 734,555 (49.0) | 19,405 (42.7) | 36,234 (45.3) | 47,928 (46.3) |
Birth order, n (%) | ||||
First | 377,152 (25.1) | 13,541 (29.8) | 21,205 (26.5) | 25,555 (24.7) |
Second | 328,296 (21.9) | 8371 (18.4) | 14,721 (18.4) | 18,900 (18.3) |
Third or fourth | 412,878 (27.5) | 10,586 (23.3) | 19,849 (24.8) | 26,435 (25.5) |
≥Fifth | 381,401 (25.4) | 12,952 (28.5) | 24,273 (30.3) | 32,667 (31.5) |
Child delivery place, n (%) | ||||
Institution | 854,481 (57.0) | 23,480 (51.7) | 38,781 (48.4) | 47,971 (46.3) |
Home | 645,246 (43.0) | 21,970 (48.3) | 41,267 (51.7) | 55,586 (53.7) |
Geographic zone, n (%) | ||||
Northern and Western Africa | 481,755 (32.1) | 15,282 (33.6) | 27,999 (35.0) | 39,243 (37.9) |
Central, Eastern, and Southern Africa | 490,592 (32.7) | 13,772 (30.3) | 28,379 (35.5) | 37,763 (36.5) |
South, Southeast, and Western Asia | 527,380 (35.2) | 16,396 (36.1) | 23,670 (29.6) | 26,551 (25.6) |
