Fig. 8: Antimicrobial mechanism study.
From: AI-guided few-shot inverse design of HDP-mimicking polymers against drug-resistant bacteria
a Cytoplasmic membrane depolarization of (DM0.8iPen0.2)20 against S. aureus USA300. TX-100 means Triton X-100. MIC means the minimum inhibitory concentration. b Cytoplasmic membrane permeability of (DM0.8iPen0.2)20 against S. aureus USA300. c Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) characterization on S. aureus USA300 with and without (DM0.8iPen0.2)20 treatment at 1 × MBC. The SEM sample was prepared once, and at least 50 fungal cells were observed individually in the sample, showing results similar to the representative SEM images shown in the figure. MBC means minimum bactericidal concentration. d Time-laps confocal fluorescence imaging on the interaction between S. aureus USA300 and fluorescent dye-labeled (DM0.8iPen0.2)20 at 1 × MBC, in the presence of propidium iodide (PI). e Outer membrane permeability of (DM0.8iPen0.2)20 against E. coli R19. f Cytoplasmic membrane depolarization of (DM0.8iPen0.2)20 against E. coli R19. g SEM characterization on E. coli R19 with and without (DM0.8iPen0.2)20 treatment at 1 × MBC. The SEM sample was prepared once, and at least 50 fungal cells were observed individually in the sample, showing results similar to the representative SEM images shown in the figure. h Time-laps confocal fluorescence imaging on the interaction between E. coli R19 and fluorescent dye-labeled (DM0.8iPen0.2)20 at 1 × MBC, in the presence of PI.
