Fig. 4: Photothermal activation of the parasympathetic nervous system by PtNP-shell. | Nature Communications

Fig. 4: Photothermal activation of the parasympathetic nervous system by PtNP-shell.

From: Pt nanoshells with a high NIR-II photothermal conversion efficiency mediates multimodal neuromodulation against ventricular arrhythmias

Fig. 4

a Location of the canine NG. b Schematic illustration of the process of photothermal modulation of NG. c Temperature curves of NG under NIR-II laser irradiation. d Typical thermal imaging diagram of photothermally modulated activation of NG. e Representative images of HR reduction induced after stimulation of NG with different voltages. Maximal HR changes of beagle treatment with PtNP-shell or control f before and g after NIR-II exposure, n = 6 biologically independent replicates. h Quantification of the NG neural activity recordings, n = 6 biologically independent replicates. i Representative immunofluorescent images of VAChT, c-Fos, and TRPV1 in the NG of beagles following different treatments. Data are shown as the mean ± S.E.M. Unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test was applied for statistical analysis of (g). Two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s HSD test was applied for statistical analysis of (h). NG nodose ganglion, HR heart rhythm. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

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