Fig. 1: Cohort timeline and participants flow chart.

A Timeline of vaccination cohort with blood drawing timepoints from which samples are used in this reported indicated. The samples used for the primary endpoint analysis (per vaccine) are indicated in bold and underlined. (#) Pre-QIV blood sampling started in summer 2019, while vaccination started in autumn 2019, when the vaccine was available. (*) The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic lockdown caused a temporary interruption of the trial. N = 40 participants were sampled before the lockdown. For the other participants, the 6 months post-QIV vaccination timepoint was extended up to 12 months. Sampling and PCV13 vaccination started again in summer/autumn 2020. Created with Biorender.com (B) Participants flow chart indicating the number and age of participants included in the primary endpoint analyses of the different arms of the cohort. Exclusions are divided into definite and temporarily exclusions and reasons for exclusion are given. (*) A large group of older participants was excluded for mRNA-1273 vaccination, due to administration of prior COVID-19 vaccination in the general vaccination program of the Netherlands in winter 2021. This group is analyzed separately as BNT162b2 study group.