Table 2 Carriage prevalence and prevalence ratios for pneumococcal carriage (all, PCV13 serotypes, and non-PCV13 serotypes) for 5-8 week old infants and 12-23 month old children before (2015) and six years after (2022) PCV13 introduction

From: Effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine six years post-introduction on pneumococcal carriage in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

 

Pre-PCV13 n/N

Pre-PCV13 prevalence (%) (95% CI)

Post-PCV13 n/N

Post-PCV13 prevalence (%) (95% CI)

Unadjusted prevalence ratio (95% CI)

Adjusted prevalence ratioa (95% CI)

All pneumococcib

5–8 week old

131/461

28.4 (24.3–32.8)

87/499

17.4 (14.2–21.0)

0.61 (0.48–0.78)

0.67 (0.52–0.85)

12–23 month old

294/489

60.1 (55.6–64.4)

241/500

48.2 (43.7–52.7)

0.80 (0.71–0.90)

0.81 (0.72–0.91)

PCV13 serotypes

5–8 week old

59/457

12.9 (10.0–16.3)

20/496

4.0 (2.5–6.1)

0.31 (0.19–0.51)

0.33 (0.20–0.56)

12–23 month old

206/488

42.2 (37.8–46.7)

62/494

12.5 (9.7–15.8)

0.30 (0.23–0.38)

0.29 (0.22–0.38)

Non-PCV13 serotypes

5–8 week old

74/457

16.2 (12.9–19.9)

65/496

13.1 (10.3–16.4)

0.81 (0.59–1.10)

0.88 (0.65–1.21)

12–23 month old

129/488

26.4 (22.6–30.6)

183/496

36.9 (32.6–41.3)

1.39 (1.16–1.68)

1.36 (1.12–1.65)

  1. a The following variables were used to adjust the prevalence ratios in each group: housing type (formal or informal), maternal education, household crowding (greater than three people per room), number of children under five years of age, household fuel type, and previous hospital admission.
  2. b All carriage prevalence does not necessarily equal the sum of PCV13 serotype and non-PCV13 serotype prevalence. This is due to multiple serotype carriage and/or exclusion of pneumococcal-positive samples for which serotype was not determined.
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