Fig. 2: Efficacy of Nivolumab, Carboplatin and Etoposide as first-line treatment of highgrade NENs of GEP or UK origin.

A Waterfall plot showing objective response rate (ORR) and the percentage of maximum change from baseline tumor size for each patient (n = 37). B Spider plot showing the evolution of relative tumor size from the first dose of study treatment until the last tumor evaluation (n = 37). Asterisk sign indicates PD-L1 positivity, lined plotted columns indicate MSI, dotted plotted columns MSS. Maximum change in tumor size, shown as percentage from baseline, and ORR rates analyzed by subgroups clustered according to baseline characteristics such as primary tumor site (C), Ki-67 proliferation index (D), or tumor differentiation (E). Three patients, one MSS and two unknown died due to disease progression before the first tumor assessment were not evaluated for response. Exploratory subgroup analyses were performed using Fisher’s Exact Test (C) and Pearson’s Chi-squared test (D and E). Significance tests are two-sided. Source data are provided as a Source Data file. DCR disease control rate, EG esophageal and gastric, NE not evaluable, NEC neuroendocrine carcinoma, NET neuroendocrine tumor, ORR objective response rate, PD progressive disease, PR partial response, RECIST Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors, SD stable disease, SI small intestine, UK unknown.