Table 2 Reported rates and estimated rates due to directional long-distance ET for different biogeochemical reactions

From: Directional long-distance electron transfer from reduced to oxidized zones in the subsurface

Biogeochemical reactions

Reported rates

Estimated rate by long-distance ET

Denitrification

1.41 × 10−3–1.0 μmol NO3− /(cm3·d)38

1.35 μmol NO3−/(cm3·d)

Dissimilatory manganese reduction

4.27 × 10−4–180 μmol Mn(IV)/(cm3·d)39,40

3.37 μmol Mn(IV)/(cm3·d)

Dissimilatory iron reduction

0–65 μmol Fe(III)/(cm3·d)39,41

6.73 μmol Fe(III)/(cm3·d)

Sulfate reduction

0.53 μmol SO42−/(cm3·d)42

0.84 μmol SO42−/(cm3·d)

Anaerobic methane oxidation

≥2.17 × 10−3 μmol CH4/(cm3·d)43,44

0.84 μmol CH4/(cm3·d)

  1. The biogeochemical reactions include denitrification, Mn(IV) reduction, Fe(III) reduction, sulfate reduction, and anaerobic methane oxidation. “Reported rate” in previous studies was unified to the same unit of μmol/(cm3 d) for comparison. “Estimated rate by long-distance ET” was calculated from the ET flux (6.73 μmol e− cm−2 d−1) and number of electrons required for different reactions (Supplementary Table 5). The details for reaction conditions are displayed in Supplementary Table 6 and Supplementary Section 8.
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