Fig. 1: Design principle of the FTGA.
From: Ultrastrong, flexible thermogalvanic armor with a Carnot-relative efficiency over 8%

a Schematic illustration of the fabrication of FTGA through the directional freezing-assisted salting-out method. b Mechanism illustration of guanidine sulfate to the performance of FTGA by molecular engineering. c SEM images showing the anisotropic structures of the FTGA. (c1, c2): top view, (c3, c4) side view, (c5, c6): energy dispersive spectrum of c4. The experiment was repeated three times using different samples. d Thermoelectric device for module electric performance measurement.