Fig. 2: The fine tuned UNET++ model measures treatment response in the TNF-Tg with Anti-TNF therapy.

A Inferred synovial area in the held-out test set compared to historical hand drawn synovial histomorphometry area (n = 9, both Tissue inferred Area and Hand Drawn Histomorphometry Area are normally distributed, Pearson’s Correlation). B Anti-TNF therapy Study design. Six-month-old WT and TNF-Tg mice were used as controls. Eight-month-old WT or TNF-Tg mice were treated with Anti-TNF therapy or Placebo control for 6 weeks (weeks post treatment, wpt). Both left and right knees were collected and 2–3 histologic levels per knee were analyzed (n = Slides / Knees). C Using the fine tuned UNETT + + model we inferred tissue area of the Synovium (Left), Trabecular Bone (Middle) and Cartilage (Right) for 6mo WT (n = 17) and TNF Controls (n = 14) as well as Placebo (Irrelevant IgG) treated WT (n = 15), Placebo treated TNF-Tg (n = 10) and Anti-TNF treated TNF-Tg (n = 8). Each dot represents one knee (average of 2-3 histologic levels), Box and Whisker plots are construct by showing the Min, 25th percentile, Median, 75th percentile and Max. Left Panel: TNF-Tg group was not normally distributed, data was log transformed and a One-Way ANOVA with Tukey’s Post-hoc Test was performed. Middle Panel: All data was normally distributed, and a One-Way ANOVA with Tukey’s Post-hoc Test was performed. Right Panel: WT (Placebo) and TNF-Tg (Placebo) groups are not normally distributed, data was log transformed and a One-Way ANOVA with Tukey’s Post-hoc Test was performed. D Representative images (2x magnification) of 6mo WT and TNF Controls as well as 9.5 mo Placebo treated WT, Placebo treated TNF-Tg and Anti-TNF treated TNF-Tg with predicted tissue overlay. Note: black arrows denote pannus invasion of the femoral articular cartilage, the red arrows denote trabecular bone loss, and * denotes reduction in synovial area.