Fig. 4: Powering and modulation properties of the IngRI. | Nature Communications

Fig. 4: Powering and modulation properties of the IngRI.

From: An ingestible, battery-free, tissue-adhering robotic interface for non-invasive and chronic electrostimulation of the gut

Fig. 4

A Schematic showing the electronic setups of the near-field inductive coupling. B Conversion of a pulse wave into a high-frequency pulse train for wireless transmission to the receiver coil. C Representative output waveforms with frequency = 14 Hz, load resistance = 1000 ohm, and receiver coil diameter = 18 mm under different pulse widths (0.33, 3, and 50 ms). D–G The output power as a function of distance between the transmitter and receiver coils, under different (D) load resistances, (E) incident angles, (F) PDMS encapsulation thickness, and (G) presence of magnets.

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