Fig. 2: Chemical instructions for gel bilayer shape changes.
From: Programming gel automata shapes using DNA instructions

a Example shape-change operations and their corresponding chemical actuation instructions applied to different bilayers. We define each instruction using the syntax action(system), in which the parenthesized argument is the target DNA system for the action. The example bilayer for the curve operation consists of System I (blue) and System II (red) DNA gel layers. The example bilayer for the uncurve operation consists of System III (yellow) and System IV (purple) DNA gel layers. b Curvature changes of a PEG-co-DNA System III-System IV bilayer gel during the execution of the actuation program, and selected fluorescence images of the gel before, during, and after performing each numbered group of instructions. c–e Curvature changes of PEG-co-DNA System I-System II bilayer gels during the execution of the actuation programs. For details on the protocol, see the Methods section. Scale bars, 1 mm.