Table 1 Parameters from SAXS data fitting using a core-shell sphere form factor and Hayter-Penfold RMSA structure factor

	0.1% P1^a	0.2% P1	0.5% P1	1% P1	2% P1	5% P1	0.1% P1D^a	0.2% P1D	0.5% P1D	1% P1D	2% P1D	5% P1D
R_o ± σ / Å	-	26.51 ± 5.71	27.05 ± 4.55	26.59 ± 4.42	27.77 ± 4.05	28.41 ± 3.99	-	24.72 ± 6.93	26.05 ± 4.70	25.83 ± 4.33	26.67 ± 4.04	27.34 ± 3.85
R_i / Å	-	14.71	14.08	14.23	14.60	15.79	-	13.63	13.52	13.61	13.67	14.62
μ	-	−1.761	−1.614	−1.506	−1.460	−1.241	-	−2.292	−1.726	−1.586	−1.607	−1.370
η / cm⁻¹	-	1.821 × 10⁻⁶	2.913 × 10⁻⁶	4.571 × 10⁻⁶	6.234 × 10⁻⁶	1.012 × 10⁻⁵	-	1.205 × 10⁻⁶	2.653 × 10⁻⁶	4.415 × 10⁻⁶	6.082 × 10⁻⁶	9.848 × 10⁻⁶
BG	-	9.376 × 10⁻⁵	3.695 × 10⁻⁴	5.434 × 10⁻⁴	1.266 × 10⁻³	3.740 × 10⁻³	-	7.453 × 10⁻⁵	2.714 × 10⁻⁴	4.442 × 10⁻⁴	8.963 × 10⁻⁴	2.723 × 10⁻³
R_HS / Å	-	-	72.37	53.92	46.07	40.73	-	-	81.10	56.63	44.39	38.85
ϕ	-	-	0.0483	0.0522	0.0700	0.1143	-	-	0.0496	0.0641	0.0639	0.1041
z_eff	-	-	14.73	27.29	34.80	168.68	-	-	14.64	15.26	20.72	30.37
I / M	-	-	0.0049	0.0116	0.0198	0.1590	-	-	0.0061	0.0041	0.0072	0.0220

	0.1% P2	0.2% P2	0.5% P2	1% P2	2% P2	5% P2	0.1% P2D	0.2% P2D	0.5% P2D	1% P2D	2% P2D	5% P2D
R_o ± σ / Å	30.89 ± 4.53	26.51 ± 5.71	26.72 ± 4.91	27.62 ± 4.52	28.99 ± 4.25	30.26 ± 3.84	28.07 ± 4.80	26.93 ± 4.74	26.38 ± 4.53	27.02 ± 4.22	28.10 ± 3.91	29.61 ± 3.11
R_i / Å	17.45	14.71	14.57	14.90	15.80	16.17	16.41	14.99	14.21	14.33	14.70	15.06
μ	−1.426	−1.761	−1.586	−1.516	−1.389	−1.391	−1.273	−1.475	−1.528	−1.505	−1.480	−1.480
η / cm⁻¹	1.160 × 10⁻⁶	1.821 × 10⁻⁶	3.273 × 10⁻⁶	4.650 × 10⁻⁶	6.353 × 10⁻⁶	9.433 × 10⁻⁶	1.401 × 10⁻⁶	1.936 × 10⁻⁶	3.497 × 10⁻⁶	4.801 × 10⁻⁶	6.496 × 10⁻⁶	9.516 × 10⁻⁶
BG	1.023 × 10⁻⁴	9.374 × 10⁻⁵	2.964 × 10⁻⁴	5.855 × 10⁻⁴	1.357 × 10⁻³	4.260 × 10⁻³	9.066 × 10⁻⁵	1.207 × 10⁻⁴	2.964 × 10⁻⁴	5.641 × 10⁻⁴	1.218 × 10⁻³	4.279 × 10⁻³
R_HS / Å	-	-	67.98	49.11	43.87	41.57	-	-	65.15	49.47	43.23	45.41
ϕ	-	-	0.0479	0.0388	0.0518	0.1070	-	-	0.0451	0.0435	0.0585	0.1616
z_eff	-	-	19.61	28.56	43.58	107.8	-	-	18.65	21.29	24.41	63.50
I / M	-	-	0.0039	0.0073	0.0154	0.0822	-	-	0.0055	0.0064	0.1001	0.1000

Key: Form factor: R_o outer radius (σ_c Gaussian polydispersity in c), R_i inner radius, μ ratio of scattering contrast of inner core/outer core, η scattering contrast of core, BG constant background. Structure factor: R_HS hard sphere radius, ϕ Effective volume fraction, z_eff effective charge, I ionic strength (temperature fixed at T = 293 K).
^aNot possible to obtain reliable fitting parameters.
The monodisperse approximation to factor the form and structure factors of monodisperse isotropic solutions of centrosymmetric particles is assumed.

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