Fig. 3: Neutralizing HIV-1 pseudoviruses infection by Nbs.

a, b Graphs depicting the breadth and IC₅₀ (a) and IC₉₀ (b) values of Nb₄₃₄-Fc and Nb₄₅₇-Fc compared with the broadly neutralizing antibody (bnAb) Ibalizumab with the format of whole IgG against the panel of 35 pseudoviruses of various subtypes (n = 35). Equimolar concentration (nM) was used for comparison, considering the differing molecular weights of Ibalizumab and Nbs. Error bars indicate the mean with 95% confidence interval (CI). The “Breadth” in the figure indicates the percentage of pseudoviruses in the tested panel that have been neutralized. At IC₅₀, the breadth represents the percentage of pseudoviruses neutralized at the half-maximal inhibitory concentration, whereas at IC₉₀, it represents the percentage neutralized at the ninetieth percentile inhibitory concentration. One-way two-sided ANOVA with Bonferroni’s multiple comparison was used for statistical analysis. ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001. No statistical differences were observed between Nb₄₃₄-Fc and Nb₄₅₇-Fc compared to Ibalizumab (p = 0.6819 and p = 0.998, respectively) in panel a. Significant differences were observed between Nb₄₃₄-Fc and Nb₄₅₇-Fc compared to Ibalizumab (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0002, respectively) in panel b. c Graph illustrating the IC₉₀ values of Ibalizumab compared with Nb₄₃₄-Fc and Nb₄₅₇-Fc against Ibalizumab-resistant viruses. The analysis is based on the results from panel b. d–f Graphs showing the IC₉₀ values of Nb434 (d), Nb457 (e) and Ibalizumab (f) in neutralizing various subtypes of HIV-1 pseudoviruses infection, as determined by the neutralization results from panel b. The neutralization percentage is indicated in the figure. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.