Fig. 7: Time course of activity and PDI in PMdc and M1 neurons after learning.
a Time course of the averaged activity of pull-related and push-related neurons in PMdc and M1 aligned to the onset of the target presentation. Trial-averaged activity is averaged over neurons. Bottom, the averaged trace of the Y-axial pole trajectory. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. b Time course of the averaged activity of pull-related and push-related neurons in PMdc and M1 aligned to the onset of the movement. Trial-averaged activity is averaged over neurons. Bottom, the averaged trace of the Y-axial pole trajectory. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. c Tpeak of pull-related and push-related neurons in PMdc and M1 for the pull and push trials, respectively (n = 1838 in PMdc and 970 in M1 for pull trials, n = 1663 in PMdc and 1013 in M1 for push trials). *P value < 0.05, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, two-sided. P values for pull and push trials were 0.126 × 10–5 and 0.907 × 10–11, respectively. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. d Pseudo-color map of PDI in the FOV shown in Fig. 6a. e Histogram of the PDI (bars) of neurons in PMdc and M1. The cvR2 averaged within each bin for pull (red) and push (blue) trials is overlaid. The cvR2 are presented as mean ± SEM. White boxes indicate the fraction of neurons with significant PDIs (P < 0.05, permutation test, one-sided; n = 2345 in PMdc and 1444 in M1) and gray boxes indicate the fraction of the others. f |ΔPDIpair| for pairs of PMdc neurons (brown) or pairs of M1 neurons (red) plotted against the cellular distance. Lines indicate the mean |ΔPDIpair| for pairs of neurons at the indicated distances. Shading indicates 95% of shuffled data. Asterisks indicate that the original data exceeded 95% of the values of the corresponding shuffled data (permutation test, one-sided). g |ΔPDIpair| for a cellular distance of <400 μm. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, two-sided. Source data are provided as the Source Data file.
