Table 1 Comparison of optoacoustic (OptA) detectors for potential miniaturized OptA implementations (see Supplementary Note 1 for details on parameter calculations)
From: Bragg grating etalon-based optical fiber for ultrasound and optoacoustic detection
Detector | Configuration | Resolution-related specifications | Sensitivity | Size | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BW [MHz] | Aperture size [µm] | Resolution [lateral × axial, µm] | NEPD [mPa.Hz−1/2] | Footprint diameter [mm] | ||
Piezoelectric Detectors | IV PZT11 | 27 | Ø 500 | 500 ×45 | 450 | Ø 1 |
High-frequency IV PZT52 | 170 | Ø 45 | 40 ×14 | n/a | Ø 1 | |
180 | Ø 15 | 18 ×4 | 1.8–2.6 | >Ø 3 | ||
Micromachined Detectors | 7 | 100 ×80 | 1000 ×500 | 0.5 | Ø 1.1 | |
CMUT array57 | 27 | 25 ×25 | 251 ×92 | 1.8 | Ø 1.4 | |
Transparent Detectors | Transparent PZT58 | 42 | Ø 130 | 133 ×29 | – | Ø 9 |
170 | Ø 60 | 114 ×57 | 2.1 | Ø 2 | ||
Silicon Photonics Detectors | 230 | 0.5 ×0.2 | 16 ×5 | 9 | > Ø 1 | |
Bragg grating12 | 230 | 30 ×0.5 | 16 ×13 | 9.8 | > Ø 1 | |
Optomechanic ring13 | 36 | Ø 20 | 38 ×33 | 1.3 | > Ø 1 | |
Chalcogenide ring62 | 220 | Ø 40 | 50 ×44 | 2.2 | Ø 2 | |
Optical Fiber Detectors | Fabry–Perot (single)15 | 28 | Ø 30 | 94 ×66 | 2.1 | Ø 0.125 |
Fabry–Perot (array)16 | 50 | Ø 30 | 45 ×31 | 111–282 | Ø 3 | |
80 | 270 ×10 | 270 ×15 | 25 | Ø 0.125 | ||
EER (sensor herein) | 160 | Ø 10 | 14 ×8.5 | 2.5 | Ø 0.125 | |
