Fig. 3: Mechanism behind the transmembrane ion flux driven by humidity variation.
From: Diurnal humidity cycle driven selective ion transport across clustered polycation membrane
a The change in experimentally measured Isc when subjected to surrounding RH values of ~73% and 41%. The IL layers’ water content is initially balanced with an ambient RH of about 50%. b Measured Isc mapped against the surrounding RH, ranging from as low as ~0% to as high as ~100%. c Equilibrium water content (\({w}_{{{{{\rm{H}}}}}_{2}{{{\rm{O}}}}}\)) in relation to different RH values from experimental measurement. d Simulated distribution of cation, Cl−, and water number density at the membrane-liquid interface, with the liquid being a mixture of ILs and water at varying concentrations. e Simulated comparative number density of Cl− ion, and cation with respect to water content, with an inset of the simulation model. The error bars represent standard deviations and nd = 5 for each data point.
