Fig. 3: Pathogen-dependent induction of NAC90 is mediated by NHP, SA, and SARD1.

a Transcript levels of NAC90 in 4-week-old WT and pNHP plants. b Transcript levels of NAC90 in WT Arabidopsis plants in response to Psm ES4326, NHP, and SA treatments. Leaves of 4-week-old WT Arabidopsis plants were treated with 10 mM MgCl₂ (Mock), Psm ES4326 (OD₆₀₀ = 0.001) (Psm), 1 mM NHP (NHP), and 200 μM SA (SA) solution, harvested at 24 h post treatments, and subjected for qRT-PCR analysis. c, d Transcript levels of NAC90 in different SAR deficient mutants. Leaves of 4-week-old WT and mutant plants (AGD2-like defense response protein 1, ald1; flavin monooxygenase 1, fmo1; salicylic acid induction-deficient 2, sid2; non-expression of PR1, npr1; enhanced disease susceptibility 1, eds1; phytoalexin-deficient 4, pad4; sar deficient 1, sard1; Calmodulin-binding protein 60 g, cbp60g) were treated with 10 mM MgCl₂ (Mock) and Psm ES4326 (OD₆₀₀ = 0.001), harvested at 24 h post treatments (hpi), and subjected for transcript levels analysis. Ten mM MgCl₂ was used as mock control (Mock). e Transactivation of NAC90 promoters with SARD1 and CBP60g. All the values showed in (a, b, c, and d) were the average of three biological replicates and error bars represent the SDs of three biological replicates (n = 3). Values showed in (e) were the average of four biological replicates and error bars represent the SDs of four independent biological replicates (n = 4). Asterisks indicate significant changes compared to WT or Mock samples as calculated by two-tailed t test (*p value  <  0.05; **p value < 0.01; ***p value < 0.001, p values are shown in the Source Data file).