Fig. 1: K-ion characterisation and modelling.

Schematic of the leading K-ion chemistry characterised and modelled. The graphite negative electrode (left) and the potassium manganese hexacyanoferrate (KMF) positive electrode (right). The effective solid-state diffusivities, \({\widetilde{D}}_{i}\), and exchange current densities, j_0,i, were characterised here, enabling full-cell Doyle-Fuller-Newman modelling in combination with electrolyte transport properties of the current state-of-the-art K-ion electrolyte in the K-ion research community KFSI:TEP (TEP) or a hypothetical electrolyte with equivalent transport properties of KFSI:DME (DMEe) electrolyte characterised previously¹⁵.