Fig. 1: Experimental design of a cued sequential mental simulation task with simultaneous EEG-fMRI.
Subjects, undergoing simultaneous EEG-fMRI recordings, were required to construct a sequence by learning pairwise associations of four discrete visual stimuli. They were then cued to mentally simulate the learned sequence in either a forward or reverse order. As in previous replay studies3,6,30,32,45,46, stimuli were first presented in a random order during functional localizer phase, prior to learning. We included a resting state both before (PRE Rest) and after learning (POST Rest) and this allowed us to measure changes in spontaneous neural activity induced by learning.
