Fig. 3: SpaGFT reveals the region-region interaction on the lymph node.

a UMAP visualization of nine SVG clusters from the human lymph node. Each dot represented SVGs. Upright UMAP showed SVGs in red and non-SVG in gray. b Clusters 3, 5, and 7 were highly associated with the T cell zone, GC, and B follicle cell components based on molecular and functional signatures. The heatmap visualized the FTU-cell type correlation matrix. c The spatial map overlaid three FTUs and displayed the overlapped spots and unique spots. As different colors corresponded to spots, we selected four areas to showcase the region-to-region interaction. A1 showcased GC, GC-B interaction region, and B follicle. A2 showcased the B follicle, B–T interaction region, and T cell zone. A3 showcased the GC, GC-T interaction zone, and T cell zone. A4 displayed a B-GC-T interaction zone. d The barycentric coordinate plot shows cell-type components and the abundance of spots in interactive and functional regions. If the spot is closer to the vertical of the equilateral triangle, the cell type composition of the spot tends to be signature cell types of the functional region. The spots were colored by functional region and interactive region categories. e and f The three plots displayed changes in enriched functions and cell type components across seven regions (GC, GC-B, B, B–T, T, T–GC, T–GC–B). The P-value was calculated using one-way ANOVA to test the differences among the means of seven regions. The number of sample sizes (i.e., spots) in the GC zone, B cell zone, T cell zone, GC and T zone, GC and B zone, T&B zone, and GC, T, and B zone are 116, 1367, 667, 158, 614, 93, and 26. The error bars show the standard deviation of enrichment scores. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.