Fig. 1: Local sensitivity of cloud fraction profile to deforestation.

a Zonal mean of the cloud fraction profile difference between the deforest-glob and piControl simulations (deforest-glob minus piControl) per deforestation fraction. The data were the ensemble mean of the local effect extracted from CMIP6 model simulations (see Methods). The stippling represents four or more of the five models showing the same sign. b Zonal mean ERA5 cloud fraction profile variations per deforestation fraction using the space-for-time substitution (open land minus forest; see Methods). Only latitudes possessing more than ten available samples are considered to ensure representativeness.