Fig. 2: Charge separation and transfer mechanism.

Electrostatic potential (ESP) of COF-A (a), COF-O (b), and COF-S (c). Photocurrent responses of three COFs (d). EIS measurement of three COFs (e), the inset is the corresponding impedance fitting at high-frequency region. Temperature-dependent PL spectra of three COFs (f). TA spectra of COF-A (g), COF-O (h), and COF-S (i).