Fig. 3: Schematic energy diagram of ITO/CuPc/F₁₆CuPc/C₆₀/BCP/Al device.

The energy levels shown represent the levels when each layer exists independently without contact. The values of the HOMO levels of the work function (WF) and organic layers are taken from the literature. Due to the presence of GSP in a BCP layer, the energy levels are tilted.