Fig. 2: Compositional developments along the assembly of the microbiota in the neovagina in MRKH patients.

Overall composition of the vaginal microbiota in MRKH women at four stages, including PRE (a), P14D (b), P90D (c), and P2/4Y (d), premenopausal women (H_R) (e) and postmenopausal women (H_M) (f). g The distribution of the vagitypes in MRKH patients at different time-points. Vagitype was assigned according to the species with the highest relative abundance in each vaginal sample. If the maximal relative abundance was less than 30%, the type was defined as ‘Diverse’49. Circles are scaled according to the number of patients for the given vagitype at the given time-point. Intra- and inter-individual Bray–Curtis dissimilarities in the vaginal microbiota of MRKH patients between adjacent time points (h) and between PRE and different post-surgery time-points (i). p, Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Box plot elements include: Centerline for median, box limits for upper and lower quartiles; whiskers indicate 1.5× interquartile range; and points for outliers.