Fig. 1: Crystal orientation-controlled model systems for understanding the interface between the cathode and the solid electrolyte in composite cathodes. | Nature Communications

Fig. 1: Crystal orientation-controlled model systems for understanding the interface between the cathode and the solid electrolyte in composite cathodes.

From: Unveiling crystal orientation-dependent interface property in composite cathodes for solid-state batteries by in situ microscopic probe

Fig. 1

a In situ heating XRD profiles of the NCM and LLTO powder mixture during heating up to 850 °C. The spinel phase and La(TM)O3 phase are matched with ICDD PDF 04-011-9609 and PDF 00-069-0419, respectively. b The enlarged XRD patterns in the range of (i) 17–20 o, (ii) 35-39 o, and (iii) 41–46 o are for NCM(003), (101), and (104), respectively. R represents the rhombohedral phase (\({{{\rm{R}}}}\bar{3}{{{\rm{m}}}}\)) and S represents the spinel phase (\({{{\rm{Fd}}}}\bar{3}m\)). c Schematic illustration of the conventional composite cathodes and the crystal orientation-controlled model system. Two types of epitaxial growth as the model system are employed; open ion pathway and closed ion pathway. TEM images and NBD patterns of the epitaxial structure of NCM (003)/LLTO(112) (d) and NCM(104)/LLTO(020) (e) along each zone axis (Z.A.).

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